54 Part I . Linux First Steps (Web hosting rating) If
54 Part I . Linux First Steps If you are setting your prompt temporarily by typing at the shell, you should put the value of PS1 in quotes. For example, you could type export PS1= [t w]$ to see a prompt that looks like this: [20:26:32 /var/spool]$. To make a change to your prompt permanent, add the value of PS1 to your .bashrc file in your home directory (assuming that you are using the bash shell). There may already be a PS1 value in that file that you can modify. Adding Environment Variables You may consider adding a few environment variables to your .bashrc file. These can help make working with the shell more efficient and effective: . TMOUT Sets how long the shell can be inactive before bash automatically exits. The value is the number of seconds for which the shell has not received input. This can be a nice security feature, in case you leave your desk while you are still logged in to Linux. So as not to be logged off while you are working, you may want to set the value to something like TMOUT=1800 (to allow 30 minutes of idle time). . PATH As described earlier, the PATH variable sets the directories that are searched for commands you use. If you often use directories of commands that are not in your PATH, you can permanently add them. To do this, add a PATH variable to your .bashrc file. For example, to add a directory called /getstuff/bin, add the following: PATH=$PATH:/getstuff/bin ; export PATH This example first reads all the current path directories into the new PATH ($PATH), adds the /getstuff/bin directory, and then exports the new PATH. Some people add the current directory to their PATH by adding a directory identified simply as a dot (.), as follows: PATH=.:$PATH ; export PATH This lets you always run commands in your current directory (which people may be used to if they have used DOS). However, the security risk with this procedure is that you could be in a directory that contains a command that you don t intend to run from that directory. For example, a hacker could put an ls command in a directory that, instead of listing the content of your directory, does something devious. . WHATEVER You can create your own environment variables to provide shortcuts in your work. Choose any name that is not being used and assign a useful value to it. For example, if you do a lot of work with files in the /work/time/ files/info/memos directory, you could set the following variable: M=/work/time/files/info/memos ; export M Caution Tip
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